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Health & Science3h 51m ago

A new study presents a framework that effectively restores access to powerful mathematical tools in physics to study collective systems that appear to ignore Newton's third law.

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Germany

Who
Marin Bukov, Ricard Alert, researchers at the Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, and the study authors
What
A new study presents a framework that effectively restores access to powerful mathematical tools in physics to study collective systems that appear to ignore Newton's third law.
When
Sun, 14 Jun 2026 12:11:00 GMT · 3h 51m ago
Where
Germany ·
Why
Many real-world collective systems like bird flocks, moving cells, swarming bacteria, and human crowds exhibit nonreciprocal interactions where Newton's third law does not apply, posing a challenge for physicists.
The Frontline Impact

How this affects you

This new framework allows physicists to study complex systems where interactions are one-sided, potentially making it easier to analyze flocking animals, active matter, biological tissues, and even exotic quantum systems using established methods, and could reveal new forms of collective quantum behavior.

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